ECONOMICS 101:

Federal Debt

Every family and every business must balance a budget. Corporations, charities, local governments and school boards all balance a budget. Yet somehow when it comes to our representatives in Washington D.C. for most of a century they refuse to abide by any spending limits. The United States now owes $35 trillion and counting – with taxpayers on the hook for a $1 trillion annual interest payment. The total debt is now greater than $100,000 per every U.S. citizen. How can the American voter tolerate this? Ignorance.

For many decades politicians have skillfully executed the “Moonwalking Bear” con on the American people. A barrage of politically motivated propaganda has concealed sensible examination of the federal budget. Who pays what? Is that your fair share? Should the upper income tax bracket be 37%, 39.6%, 28%, or 31%? While we all argue about microscopic adjustments to the revenue column, the ‘Moonwalking Bear’ of federal spending dances by without being noticed.

  • MYTH: The rich do not pay a fair share of taxes
  • MYTH: Republican tax cuts only benefit the rich
  • MYTH: Tax cuts need to be 'paid' for
  • MYTH: Corporate tax breaks equal welfare
  • MYTH: Reagan|Bush|Trump tax cuts increased deficits

Instinctively many readers will not believe me. Where do I get this stuff? Here are links to the data:

U.S. Whitehouse website logo federal treasury fiscal data logo tax foundation logo tax policy center logo

U.S. National Debt

The current U.S. national debt:
$39,195,502,287,422

Source

MYTH: The rich do not pay a fair share of taxes

share of federal income taxes paid per income group
The truth is, IRS numbers indicate the top 5% are the only ones paying MORE than their 'fair share' of federal income taxes. The top 5% earn 15.9% of all individual income but pay 20.4% of the federal taxes. The top 1% earns 22.2% yet pays 42.3%. The bottom 50% of wage earners have 10.2% of total income, but only fund 2.3% of income tax revenues.

COUNTERPOINT: You must include all the taxes people pay

income taxes paid compared to share of total income
Some will say that analyzing income taxes alone is incorrect, that we need to include FICA, sales, and property taxes as well. In other words, include the taxes that are not based on income - but are simply applied to everyone equally. Yet even after watering down the bottle to make the difference less obvious - the top 20% of income earners still pay more than their 'fair share'.

Why FICA Taxes Are Irrelevant to the 'Fair Share' Conversation?

Social Security is an off-budget program. Any surplus in S.S. or Medicare are (officially) put toward the future of the program and not the current year's general budget. For that reason, completely irrelevant toward the 'fund the budget by making the rich pay a fair share' discussion.

If Democrats would like government mandated retirement contributions to be redistributed, they should be honest about it. Tell Americans the individual Social Security account funded every week since their eighteenth birthday can now be used to subsidize the retirement of others. All depending on whether, if by ones 63rd birthday, a taxpayer has earned annual income exceeding the Congressionally acceptable limit. Run on that. See how well it works.

Democrats have long considered themselves the 'protectors' of the FDR created Ponzi Scheme called Social Security. In a way that would make Bernie Madoff blush, Congress has spent every dollar of the money without investing a dime. The insolvent 'Social Security Trust Fund' is virtual reality. Existing on paper only. Yet every republican proposal to authenticate the program has been met with relentless democratic opposition to ensure preservation of the status quo.

Even mixing FICA with income tax in a deceptive fashion to water down progressive taxation (Figure 2), the top 20% of income earners still pay more than a 'fair share' of taxes.

FICA tax explanation

MYTH: If the rich paid a fair share, it would balance the budget

Federal revenues have grown an average of 6.56% per year over the last six decades. During that same time period inflation has averaged only 3.73%. Tax revenues are increasing at a fantastic rate. The problem? Congressional spending habits have multiplied at an even greater rate. The tune of 7.42% annual spending increase since 1961. The problem is obvious for anyone with eyes. The cause of the national debt is irresponsible Congressional spending. No wonder they want to deflect attention onto the 'one-percenters' or the 'millionaires and billionaires'.

The federal budget is used as a reelection slush fund for the 535 members of Congress. Every election cycle members return to their districts bragging about how much money they 'brought back' to your town. But it was never 'their' money, it is your money. Think about the logistics of our government system for a minute. We send our local money to the monstrosity of Washington D.C. and then elect legislators to chase after it. And if they succeed in getting your money back - the boasting begins.

chart, receipts and outlays 1961-2024
DecadeAnnual Revenue
Growth
Annul Spending
Growth
1930s5.0%11.9%
1940s22.1%17.0%
1950s6.5%5.7%
1960s8.1%7.5%
1970s10.2%11.1%
1980s7.5%9.2%
1990s6.5%5.7%
2000s0.4%6.4%
2010s5.4%2.8%
2020(4)9.3%15.5%
DecadeAnnual Revenue
Growth
Annul Spending
Growth
1930s5.0%11.9%
1940s22.1%17.0%
1950s6.5%5.7%
1960s8.1%7.5%
1970s10.2%11.1%
1980s7.5%9.2%
1990s6.5%5.7%
2000s0.4%6.4%
2010s5.4%2.8%
2020(4)9.3%15.5%

Federal Revenue Compared to Income Tax % Changes, 1961-2024

  • recession
  • tax cut
  • tax increase
  • revenue decrease
  • spending decrease
YEARincome tax
top rate
federal revenue
($millions)
federal spending
($millions)
196191.0%94,38897,723
196291.0%99,676106,821
196391.0%106,560111,316
196477.0%112,613118,528
196570.0%116,817118,228
196670.0%130,835134,532
196770.0%148,822157,464
196870.0%152,973178,134
196970.0%186,882183,640
197070.0%192,807195,649
197170.0%187,139210,172
197270.0%207,309230,681
197370.0%230,799245,707
197470.0%263,224269,359
197570.0%279,090332,332
197670.0%298,060371,792
197770.0%355,559409,218
197870.0%399,561458,746
197970.0%463,302504,028
198070.0%517,112590,941
198170.0%599,272678,241
198250.0%617,766745,743
YEARincome tax
top rate
federal revenue
($millions)
federal spending
($millions)
198350.0%600,562808,364
198450.0%666,438851,805
198550.0%734,037946,344
198650.0%769,155990,382
198738.5%854,2871,004,017
198828.0%909,2381,064,416
198928.0%991,1041,143,743
199028.0%1,031,9581,252,993
199131.0%1,054,9881,324,226
199231.0%1,091,2081,381,529
199339.6%1,154,3341,409,386
199439.6%1,258,5661,461,752
199539.6%1,351,7901,515,742
199639.6%1,453,0531,560,484
199739.6%1,579,2321,601,116
199839.6%1,721,7281,652,458
199939.6%1,827,4521,701,842
200039.6%2,025,1911,788,950
200139.1%1,991,0821,862,846
200238.6%1,853,1362,010,894
200335.0%1,782,3142,159,899
YEARincome tax
top rate
federal revenue
($millions)
federal spending
($millions)
200435.0%1,880,1142,292,841
200535.0%2,153,6112,471,957
200635.0%2,406,8692,655,050
200735.0%2,567,9852,728,686
200835.0%2,523,9912,982,544
200935.0%2,104,9893,517,677
201035.0%2,162,7063,457,079
201135.0%2,303,4663,603,065
201235.0%2,449,9903,526,563
201339.6%2,775,1063,454,881
201439.6%3,021,4913,506,284
201539.6%3,249,8903,691,850
201639.6%3,267,9653,852,615
201739.6%3,316,1843,981,630
201837.0%3,329,9074,109,045
201937.0%3,463,3644,446,956
202037.0%3,421,1646,553,603
202137.0%4,047,1126,822,449
202237.0%4,436,6265,851,576
202337.0%4,638,1925,792,048
202437.0%4,874,4156,075,220

Summary of Federal Income Tax Data, Tax Year 2020

Top 1%Top 5%Top 10%Top 25%Top 50%Bottom 50%All Taxpayers
Number of Returns1,574,9427,874,71215,749,42439,373,56178,747,12178,747,121157,494,242
Average Tax Rate26.0%22.4%20.3%17.1%14.8%3.1%13.6%
Average Income Taxes Paid$458,894$136,091$79,897$38,396$21,187$504$10,845
Adjusted Gross Income ($ millions)$2,780,754$4,775,995$6,198,022$8,862,578$11,257,092$1,276,009$12,533,102
Share of Total Adjusted Gross Income22.2%38.1%49.5%70.7%89.8%10.2%100.0%
Income Taxes Paid ($ millions)$722,732$1,071,681$1,258,335$1,511,786$1,668,410$39,671$1,708,081
Share of Total Income Taxes Paid42.3%62.7%73.7%88.5%97.7%2.3%100.0%
Income Split Point$548,336$220,521$152,321$85,853$42,184$42,184

Despite all the demagoguery the left spews about ‘the rich’ not paying their ‘fair share’, the facts are quite different. The top income earners pay the highest tax rates. The bottom half of wage earners pay virtually zero income tax. The top 25% of earners fund nearly 90% of the federal budget. Those making over $1.2 million take nearly 50% of all gross income, however, they also fund three-quarters of the federal treasury. Those making under $42K pay an average tax rate of only 3%. In fact, statistically speaking, the only Americans who pay more than their 'fair share' is the top 5% of earners.

Average Tax RateShare of Total IncomeShare of Tax Bill
Top 1%26.0%22.2%42.3%
Top 5%22.4%38.1%62.7%
Top 10%20.3%49.5%73.7%
Top 25%17.1%70.7%88.5%
Top 50%14.8%89.8%97.7%
Bottom 50%3.1%10.2%2.3%
graph of tax share paid by top 1% and top 5% 1980 thru 2020
YEARfederal revenue
($millions)
revenue
increase
federal budget
($millions)
budget
increase
annual deficit
($millions)
deficit
increase/decrease
yearly GDPyearly inflationincome tax
top rate
PresidentHouseSenate
196194,388x97,723x106,8219.31%2.30%1.07%91.0%
196299,6765.60%106,8219.31%106,8219.31%6.10%1.20%91.0%
1963106,5606.91%111,3164.21%106,8219.31%4.40%1.24%91.0%
1964112,6135.68%118,5280.0648106,8219.31%5.80%1.28%77.0%
1965116,8173.73%118,228-0.25%106,8219.31%6.40%1.59%70.0%
1966130,83512.00%134,53213.79%106,8219.31%6.50%3.02%70.0%
1967148,82213.75%157,46417.05%106,8219.31%2.50%2.77%70.0%
1968152,9732.79%178,13413.13%106,8219.31%4.80%4.27%70.0%
1969186,88222.17%183,6403.09%106,8219.31%3.10%5.46%70.0%
1970192,8073.17%195,6496.54%106,8219.31%-0.28%5.84%70.0%
1971187,139-2.94%210,1727.42%106,8219.31%3.29%4.29%70.0%
1972207,30910.78%230,6819.76%106,8219.31%5.26%3.27%70.0%
1973230,79911.33%245,7076.51%106,8219.31%5.65%6.18%70.0%
1974263,22414.05%269,3599.63%106,8219.31%-0.54%11.05%70.0%
1975279,0906.03%332,33223.38%106,8219.31%-0.21%9.14%70.0%
1976298,0606.80%371,79211.87%106,8219.31%5.39%5.74%70.0%
1977355,55919.29%409,21810.07%106,8219.31%4.62%6.50%70.0%
1978399,56112.38%458,74612.10%106,8219.31%5.54%7.63%70.0%
1979463,30215.95%504,0289.87%106,8219.31%3.17%11.25%70.0%
1980517,11211.61%590,94117.24%106,8219.31%-0.26%13.55%70.0%
1981599,27215.89%678,24114.77%106,8219.31%2.54%10.33%70.0%
1982617,7663.09%745,7439.95%106,8219.31%-1.80%6.13%50.0%
1983600,562-2.78%808,3648.40%106,8219.31%4.58%3.21%50.0%
1984666,43810.97%851,8055.37%106,8219.31%7.24%4.30%50.0%
1985734,03710.14%946,34411.10%106,8219.31%4.17%3.55%50.0%
1986769,1554.78%990,3824.65%106,8219.31%3.46%1.90%50.0%
1987854,28711.07%1,004,0171.38%106,8219.31%3.46%3.66%38.5%
1988909,2386.43%1,064,4166.02%106,8219.31%4.18%4.08%28.0%
1989991,1049.00%1,143,7437.45%106,8219.31%3.67%4.93%28.0%
19901,031,9584.12%1,252,9939.55%106,8219.31%1.89%5.40%28.0%
19911,054,9882.23%1,324,2265.69%106,8219.31%-0.11%4.24%31.0%
19921,091,2083.43%1,381,5294.33%106,8219.31%3.52%3.03%31.0%
19931,154,3345.78%1,409,3862.02%106,8219.31%2.75%2.95%39.6%
19941,258,5669.03%1,461,7523.72%106,8219.31%4.03%2.61%39.6%
19951,351,7907.41%1,515,7423.69%106,8219.31%2.68%2.81%39.6%
19961,453,0537.49%1,560,4842.95%106,8219.31%3.77%2.93%39.6%
19971,579,2328.68%1,601,1162.60%106,8219.31%4.45%2.34%39.6%
19981,721,7289.02%1,652,4583.21%106,8219.31%4.48%1.55%39.6%
19991,827,4526.14%1,701,8422.99%106,8219.31%4.79%2.19%39.6%
20002,025,19110.82%1,788,9505.12%106,8219.31%4.08%3.38%39.6%
20011,991,082-1.68%1,862,8464.13%106,8219.31%0.95%2.83%39.1%
20021,853,136-6.93%2,010,8947.95%106,8219.31%1.70%1.59%38.6%
20031,782,314-3.82%2,159,8997.41%106,8219.31%2.80%2.27%35.0%
20041,880,1145.49%2,292,8416.16%106,8219.31%3.85%2.68%35.0%
20052,153,61114.55%2,471,9577.81%106,8219.31%3.48%3.39%35.0%
20062,406,86911.76%2,655,0507.41%106,8219.31%2.78%3.23%35.0%
20072,567,9856.69%2,728,6862.77%106,8219.31%2.01%2.85%35.0%
20082,523,991-1.71%2,982,5449.30%106,8219.31%0.12%3.84%35.0%
20092,104,989-16.60%3,517,67717.94%106,8219.31%-2.60%-0.36%35.0%
20102,162,7062.74%3,457,079-1.72%106,8219.31%2.71%1.64%35.0%
20112,303,4666.51%3,603,0654.22%106,8219.31%1.55%3.16%35.0%
20122,449,9906.36%3,526,563-2.12%106,8219.31%2.28%2.07%35.0%
20132,775,10613.27%3,454,881-2.03%106,8219.31%1.84%1.46%39.6%
20143,021,4918.88%3,506,2841.49%106,8219.31%2.29%1.62%39.6%
20153,249,8907.56%3,691,8505.29%106,8219.31%2.71%0.12%39.6%
20163,267,9650.56%3,852,6154.35%106,8219.31%1.67%1.26%39.6%
20173,316,1841.48%3,981,6303.35%106,8219.31%2.26%2.13%39.6%
20183,329,9070.41%4,109,0453.20%106,8219.31%2.92%2.44%37.0%
20193,463,3644.01%4,446,9568.22%106,8219.31%2.29%1.81%37.0%
20203,421,164-1.22%6,553,60347.37%106,8219.31%-3.40%1.23%37.0%
20214,047,11218.30%6,822,4494.10%106,8219.31%5.67%4.70%37.0%
20224,436,6269.62%5,851,576-16.59%106,8219.31%XX37.0%
20234,638,1924.54%5,792,048-10.10%106,8219.31%XX37.0%
20244,874,4155.09%6,075,22010.49%106,8219.31%XX37.0%
Averagex6.56%x7.42%xxx3.73%x